TRIBUNNEWS.COM - Present Perfect Tense adalah bentuk waktu dalam bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan atau kejadian yang telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu di masa lalu, namun masih memiliki hubungan dengan waktu sekarang. 

Tense ini sering digunakan untuk menggambarkan tindakan yang hasil atau dampaknya masih relevan atau terasa hingga saat ini.

Present Perfect Tense fokus pada hasil atau dampak dari tindakan, bukan pada waktu spesifik kapan tindakan itu terjadi.

Kapan Kita Menggunakan Present Perfect?

Present Perfect Tense dapat digunakan saat:

1. Described Experiences: Menceritakan pengalaman yang telah berlalu. 

Contoh: I have been to France.

2. Expresses Accomplishments: Mengungkapkan pencapaian

Contoh: Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.

3. Multiple Action: Memberitahukan beberapa tindakan pada waktu yang berbeda

Contoh: The army has attacked that city five times.

4. Duration From Past Until Now: Kejadian yang berdurasi dari dulu sampai sekarang

Contoh: I have had a cold for two weeks.

Time Marker

• For : Selama
• Since : Sejak
• ever : Pernah
• Never : Tidak pernah
• Once : pernah
• many times : beberapa kali
• so far : sejauh ini
• Already : sudah
• Yet : belum

Present Perfect (Verbal)

1. Pernyataan positif

Subject + have/has + verb 3 + O

Contoh:

• We have enjoyed the holiday for two weeks.
• Chris has gone to Jogja since last week.

2. Pernyataan negatif

Subject + haven’t/hasn’t + verb 3 + O

Contoh:

• We haven’t enjoyed the holiday for two weeks.
• Chris hasn’t gone to Jogja since last week.

3. Kalimat tanya

Have/has + subject + verb 3 + O ?

Contoh pertanyaan:

• Have we enjoyed the holiday for two weeks?
• Has Chris gone to Jogja since last week?

Contoh jawaban: 

• Yes, (I/you/we/they) have
• Yes, (she/he/it) has
• No, (I/you/we/they) haven’t
• No, (she/he/it) hasn’t

Present Perfect (Non-Verbal)

1. Pernyataan positif

Subject + have/has + been + Adj/Adv/N

Contoh:

• They have been out to the supermarket.
• She has been very angry lately

2. Pernyataan negatif

Subject + haven’t/hasn’t + been + Adj/Adv/N

Contoh:

• They haven’t been out to the supermarket.
• She hasn’t been very angry lately

3. Kalimat tanya

Have/has + subject + been + Adj/Adv/N ?

Contoh pertanyaan:

• Have they been out to the supermarket?
• Has she been very angry lately? 

Contoh jawaban: 

• Yes, (I/you/we/they) have
• Yes, (she/he/it) has
• No, (I/you/we/they) haven’t
• No, (she/he/it) hasn’t

Exercises

1. I _________ (never/go) to Vienna so far.

2. He _________ (live) in Manila for a year when he was a student.

3. Jane _________ (read) six books this week.

4. _________ (you/see) 'The King's Speech'?

5. Where _________ (you/spend ) your last holiday?

6. My parents _________ told me the story.

7. _________ they been to Moscow?

8. _________ Daniel started a new job?

9. Your mother _________ cooked your favorite food.

10. He _________ not finished the homework.

Jawaban: 

1. have never gone

2. has lived

3. has read

4. have you seen

5. have you spent

6. have

7. have

8. has

9. has

10. has

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(Tribunnews.com/Widya)